This is what I get when I Google "is the American Community Survey legit'.
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Yes, the American Community Survey (ACS) is a legitimate and official survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau, a division of the Department of Commerce. It is not a scam, and responses are required by law.
ACS vs. the decennial census
The ACS should not be confused with the once-a-decade U.S. Census, though both are overseen by the same agency.
Decennial census: Counts the entire U.S. population once every 10 years to determine the apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives.
American Community Survey (ACS): Gathers detailed demographic, economic, housing, and social information from a rolling, annual sample of about 3.5 million households. It replaced the "long form" of the decennial census.
Why the ACS is conducted
The data collected by the ACS is vital for making important decisions and distributing federal funds.
Guides funding: ACS data determines how over $675 billion in federal funds are distributed to states and communities each year.
Informs leaders: Federal, state, and local leaders use the statistics to guide planning for local services and infrastructure, such as new schools, hospitals, and fire stations.
What happens if you are selected
Mandatory participation: If your address is randomly selected, you are legally obligated to respond. Refusal to participate can result in a fine, though the Census Bureau typically makes multiple attempts to contact you first.
Verification: To avoid scams, you can verify any mailing, phone call, or in-person visit by checking for the U.S. Department of Commerce seal or by calling a regional Census Bureau office. The official online response website is respond.census.gov/acs.
Confidentiality: All responses are confidential and protected by law. The data is used only to produce anonymous statistics and cannot be used against you.